AC stabilized power supplies are widely used and have many types, which can be roughly divided into the following six types.

 

1 Ferromagnetic resonant AC voltage regulator: AC voltage regulator made by constant voltage volt-ampere characteristics after combination of saturated choke coil and corresponding capacitor. Magnetic saturation is an early typical structure of this type of regulator. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, wide input range of the input voltage, reliable operation and strong overload capability. However, the waveform distortion is large and the stability is not high. The recently-regulated voltage-stabilizing transformer is also a power supply device that achieves voltage regulation by means of nonlinearity of electromagnetic components. It differs from a magnetically saturated regulator in the form of the magnetic circuit structure, and the basic working principle is the same. It achieves both voltage regulation and voltage transformation on a single core, so it is superior to ordinary power transformers and magnetic saturation regulators.

 

2 magnetic amplifier type AC voltage regulator: A device that connects a magnetic amplifier and an autotransformer in series, and uses an electronic circuit to change the impedance of the magnetic amplifier to stabilize the output voltage. The circuit form can be linear amplification or pulse width modulation. This type of regulator has a closed-loop system with feedback control, so it has high stability and good output waveform. However, due to the use of a magnetic amplifier with a large inertia, the recovery time is longer. Because of the auto-coupling method, the anti-interference ability is poor.

 

3 Sliding AC Regulator: A device that changes the position of the sliding contact of the transformer to stabilize the output voltage, that is, an automatic voltage regulator AC regulator driven by a servo motor. This type of regulator has high efficiency, good output voltage waveform, and no special requirements on the nature of the load. However, the stability is low and the recovery time is longer.

 

4 Inductive AC Regulator: A device that stabilizes the output AC voltage by changing the phase difference between the secondary voltage of the transformer and the primary voltage. It is similar in structure to a wire wound asynchronous motor and is similar in principle to an inductive voltage regulator. It has a wide voltage regulation range, good output voltage waveform, and power can be hundreds of kilowatts. However, since the rotor is often in a locked state, the power consumption is large and the efficiency is low. In addition, due to the large amount of copper and iron materials, it is less produced.

 

5 Thyristor AC Voltage Regulator: An AC voltage regulator that uses a thyristor as a power conditioning component. It has the advantages of high stability, fast response and no noise. However, due to damage to the mains waveform, it causes interference to communication equipment and electronic equipment.

 

6 Relay type AC voltage regulator: Use the relay as the AC voltage regulator to adjust the winding of the autotransformer. It has the advantages of wide voltage regulation range, fast response speed and low production cost. Used in street lighting and in more remote home use.

 

 

With the development of power technology, the following three new AC regulated power supplies have appeared in the 1980s.

 

1 compensating AC voltage regulator: also known as partial adjustment regulator. The additional voltage of the compensation transformer is connected between the power supply and the load. With the input voltage, the intermittent voltage switch (contactor or thyristor) or the continuous servo motor is used to change the magnitude or pole of the additional voltage. Sexuality, subtracting (or adding) the input voltage from the upper part (or the insufficient part) to achieve the purpose of voltage regulation. The compensation transformer capacity is only about 1/7 of the output power, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but the stability is not high.

 

2 Numerical control type AC voltage regulator and step type voltage regulator: The control circuit is composed of logic elements or microprocessors, and the primary turns of the transformer are converted according to the input voltage level to stabilize the output voltage.

 

3 Purified AC Regulator: Due to its good isolation, it can be applied to eliminate spikes from the power grid.